You argue that hydrogen will make inroads, but there are only two significant hydrogen solutions: Fuel Cells and Internal Combustion (IC) engines. If we examine fuel cells, the only company that has made any progress in the materials handling sector is Plug Power, and last year, they reported a staggering loss of $750 million. The reason for this failure is that hydrogen as a fuel is not yet economically viable. It is expensive to produce, store, and transport. Furthermore, hydrogen IC engines, while an alternative, are less efficient than fuel cells and face additional challenges like the need for hydrogen to be stored at 700 Bar. This requires specialized high-pressure tanks, which are even more complex and expensive than those required for fuel cells, not to mention the need for different refueling systems with built-in refrigeration.

When we focus on materials handling equipment, especially for loads under 5,000kg, battery electric technology is likely to dominate. China's influence in this market will grow, as the quality of electric equipment improves and the availability of parts increases. For larger-scale equipment-over 6,000kg-ammonia-powered IC engine hybrid technology will likely take the lead. Similar to the under-5,000kg sector, China is expected to be the main supplier of these solutions, taking advantage of their manufacturing capability and growing expertise in clean technology.

The ongoing improvements in battery technology, infrastructure, and manufacturing efficiency for electric and ammonia-powered systems point to the future dominance of these technologies. Hydrogen, for all its promise, remains an expensive and technically challenging fuel, limiting its role in certain markets like materials handling. The key drivers of progress in the near term will likely focus on more practical and cost-effective solutions.

you will get companies Like Sany who will dominate port equipment , KION who are chines owned will still be a dominate company in the forklift and warehouse business. These are just two Chines companies that will dominate in the industry